Les attentats de Paris : objet de fictionnalisation, procédés et enjeux d’une écriture dans Le train d’Erlingen de Boualem Sansal, Khalil de Yasmina Khadra, La métamorphose de Raphaël de Patrice Lepage et Le livre que je ne voulais pas écrire de Erwan Larher

Abstract

Ce travail s’intéresse à cette forme d’écriture qui se réapproprie un fragment de l’Histoire, le façonne et le fictionnalise de sorte à lui donner une nouvelle dimension, immergeant le lecteur dans deux univers : factuel et fictionnel. Par le biais d’une approche narratologique, stylistique et sociocritique, cette thèse vise à cerner les différents processus de fictionnalisation, à l’état brut, de quatre romans dont la bribe du factuel est commune (Attentats du 13 novembre 2015 à Paris), et ce, en maintenant une comparaison permanente entre eux. Respectivement, les approches employées viennent interroger les évènements en question comme objet de fictionnalisation, tentant de mettre en avant le degré et la manière de leur intégration à la diégèse. Egalement, l’appréhension des différents procédés scripturaux qui caractérisent chaque processus de fictionnalisation et qui renvoient au style de chaque écrivain. Enfin, la mise en exergue des enjeux qui représentent les idéologies dissimulées derrière cette écriture This work is interested in this form of writing which reappropriates a fragment of History, shapes it and fictionalizes it so as to give it a completely different dimension, allowing the reader's immersion in two parallel universes, namely, the factual and the fictional. Knowing that it is possible for a writer to create a diegetic universe from scratch, the use of a real-life event as a backstory pushes us to question the why and the how. The case of the present study concerns works in which the snippet of real life is shared, it is the fictionalization of the tragic events of November 13, 2015 in Paris. Based on a corpus which includes two samples from each year of the three that followed (2016, 2017 and 2018), the analysis of this emergency literature makes it possible to rule out the idea of a possible inspiration between the different authors who, moreover, do not belong to the same socio-cultural sphere (French and Algerian writers). Aiming, at the same time, to understand the influence of the latter when it comes to fictionalizing the same event by several authors at the same time. Through a narratological, stylistic and sociocritical approach, this thesis aims to identify the different processes of fictionalization in their raw state, while comparing the results obtained and maintaining a permanent comparison between the novels treated. Respectively, the approaches used question the attacks of November 13, 2015 in Paris as an object of fictionalization, attempting to highlight the degree and manner of their integration into the diegesis. Also, the apprehension of the different scriptural processes which characterize each process of fictionalization and which refer to the style of each writer. Finally, the highlighting of the stakes which represent the ideologies hidden behind this writing which presents itself in the form of a magma of fiction and reality